trei-

    trei-

    English meaning: three

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “drei”

    Grammatical information: nom. m. trei̯es, nom. acc. n. trī, acc. n. trins, f. tis(o)res, (dissimil. from *tris(o)res, etc.)

    Material: 1. O.Ind. tráyaḥ m., trī, newer trīṇ i n., tisráḥ f.; Av. ϑrayō, ϑrayas m., ϑri n., tisrō f.; Arm. erek (trei̯es); Gk. τρεῖς, gort. τρεες, m. f., Alb. tre, f. tri (originally neutrales *trī); Lat. trēs (acc. also trīs), tria (trī- in trī-ginta “30”), Osc. trís “trēs”, Umbr. trif, tref, acc. “trēs”, triia “tria”; O.Ir. tri, f. tēoir, acc. tēora (*tisorüs, *tri-sor-n̥s); Welsh tri m., tair f., M.Welsh Bret. teir (*tedres < *tisres, das e after the Vierzahl), compare Gaul. tidres (?); Goth. Þreis, acc. Þrins, n. Þrija, O.Ice. Þrīr, O.H.G. drī etc.; O.Pruss. tris (gen. treon), Lith. trỹs, Ltv. trîs (n. tri in Lith. try-lika “dreizehn”, compare Lat. trī-ginta “30”); O.C.S. trije m. and tri f. n.; Hitt. tri- “drei”; Toch. A tre m., tri- f., В trai m., tarya f. Kompositionsform tri- in O.Ind. tripad-, Gk. τρίπους, Lat. tripēs, O.E. ðrifēte, Lith. trikõjis “dreifũßig”; Av. ϑri-kamǝrǝda- “dreiköpfig”, Arm. ere-am “drei years old”; Illyr. PN Σρι-τεύτα, PN Σρι-κόρνιον; Celt. PN Tri-toutos, Gaul. tri-garanus “with drei Kranichen”; O.Ir. trïar “drei man” (*tri-u̯irom); R.C.S. trъ-gubъ “dreifach” (= Lith. tri-gubas ds); perhaps Lat. tribus “dividing off, partitioning off of Volkes, administrative district “, Umbr. trifu, trifо acc. sg. from *tri-bhu- (to *bheu- above S. 146); Lat. trīga f. “Dreigespann” (shaped after bīgae pl. “Zweigespann” from *bi-i̯ugae, see above S. 230 and 508); unclear O.Ir. tre-thenc “Dreiheit” besides M.Ir. dē̆ -cheng “Zweiheit”, compare O.Ice. Þridjungr “Drittel”; “dreizehn”: O.Ind. tráyodaśa- = Lat. trēdecim (*trēs-decim); compare Gk. τρεις-καί-δεκα; “dreißig”: O.Ind. tríṃśat- f., Av. ϑrisat-, Gk. τριά̄κοντα, Lat. trī-ginta, O.Ir. *trīcho, gen. trīchot (*trī-komtos), M.Ir. trīcha, Bret. tregont (das e from trede “dritter”), Gaul. abl. pl. tricontis, Toch. A taryük, В täryüka (*trii̯ük̂n̥t-s). 2. ordinals: altererbt O.Ind. tr̥-tī́ ya- = O.Pruss. tīrts; otherwise is tri- for tr̥- eingetreten: O.Ind. PN Tritá-, Av. ϑrita-; Av. ϑritya-, O.Pers. ϑritiya- or -tīya; Arm. erir, errord; Gk. τρίτος; homer. τρίτατος extended as ἑβδόματος; Lesb. τέρτος from *τρίτος; Alb. tretë; Illyr. PN Tritus; Lat. tertius, Umbr. tertiu “tertio”, terti “tertium” (from *triti̯o-); Gaul. PN Tritios, Welsh try-dydd, Bret. trede; Goth. Þridja, O.H.G. dritto etc.; Lith. trẽčias, Ltv. trešaĩ s (tre- instead of tri- after *trei̯es? also:) O.C.S. tretijь; Balt trit- in Lith. tritainis “Drittel”; O.Ir. tress (newer triss) “the Dritte” (*tristo-), tre(i)sse “triduum”, compare Lat. testis “Zeuge” (also “testicle”); AbLat. Osc. trístaamentud is probably from Lat. testamentum borrowed; Toch. В trit; Hitt. tarrii̯analli- “the dritte”, [te-ri]-i̯a-an-na “dritter”. 3. tris “dreimal”: O.Ind. tríḥ, Av. ϑris, Gk. τρίς, Lat. ter, older terr (from *tris), O.Ir. fo-thrī “dreimal”; extended Av. ϑrižvat̃ “dreimal”, O.Ice. Þrisvar, O.H.G. driror, O.E. ðriwa, ðreowa ds.; ein u̯o-suffix also in Av. ϑrisva- n. “Drittel” and Gk. θρῖον “Feigenblatt” from *τρισFον; in addition *tris-no- in Gk. θρῖναξ “Dreizack”; Lat. terni (*tri-no-) “je drei” (besides trīni by pl. tantum from *tris-no- parallel with bīni, see under du̯ōu), O.Ice. Þrennr “dreifach”, Þrenner “drei” (by Kollektiven); Maybe Alb. tresh, trish “in three” auf *trianon goes back O.Ir. trïan, O.Welsh trean, Welsh traean “Drittel”, compare also Gaul. acc. pl. trianis “Drittel”? 4. collective trei̯o-, troi̯o-: O.Ind. trayá- “dreifach”, trayam n. “Dreiheit”, Lith. trejì, f trẽjos “drei” (by Pluralsubstantiven), Ltv. treji, f. trejas ds., O.C.S. troji m. pl.; auf *trei̯odi̯o- based on O.Ir. trēode “dreifach”.

    References: WP. I 753 f., WH. II 668 f., 702 f., Trautmann 327 f., Vasmer 3, 137, Wackernagel-(Debrunner) 3, 346 f.